people who go to a formal western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in western culture.knowing them will help you make a good impression.having good table manners means knowing,for example,how to use knives and forks,when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.beside your napkin you will find a small bread roll and three glasses—one for white wine,one for the red wine,and one for water.there are two pairs of knives and forks on the table,forks on the left and knives in the right of the plate.when you see two spoons,the big one id for the suop and the samll one for the dessert.the knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a litte bit bigger than the ones beside them.when you sit down at the table, you can take your napkin, unfold it and put it on your lap.in chinese you sometime get a hot,damp cloth to clean your face and face and hands,whinch,however,is nat the custom in western countries.

dinner start with a small dish, which is often called a starter.sime people pray before they start eating , and other people may keep silent for a moment. then you can say"enjoy your meal"to each other and everybody start eating.for the starter,which you eat with the smaller pair,you keep the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left.after the starter you will get a bowl of soup—but only one boel of soup and never ask for a seconf serving.

the next dish is the main course.many westerners think the chicken breast with its tender white flesh is the best part of the bird. some people can use their fingers when they eating chicken or other birds,but never touch beef or other meat in bones.it is polite to finish eating everthing on your plate,so don't take more food than you need.

at table ,you should try to speak quietly and smile a lot,but do not laugh all the time.

most westerners like soft drink if they will drive home.many of them drink white or red wine with the food.when drinking to someone's health,you raise your glasses,but the glasses should not touch. the custom of toasting in some parts of china is to finish the drink at once,but westerners usually take only a sip.for drinking during a dinner,the best advic is never to drink too much.

table manners change over time.they follow the fashion of the day .beside,table manners are only important at formal dinner parties.if you're not sure what to do ,you can always follow your hosts.although good manners always make you look good,you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family

商务英语4机考作文篇2

a number of employees clearly suffer from a lack of motivation as a result of dissatisfaction in one or more areas of their work. the key findings are outlined below:

staff feel undervalued by the company, both on a financial and a personal level. it is generally felt that the companyˇs competitors offer higher levels of remuneration. the perception that the managers are unappreciative of staff efforts is particularly noticeable in the sales department.

certain employees feel under-challenged. the company is clearly not exploiting its human resources.

there appears to be a breakdown of communication in the production department. the confusion and resultant ill-feeling towards managers has the potential to disrupt the production cycles.

recommendations

we strongly recommend the following measures:

an evaluation of job profiles throughout the company to assess whether skills could be utilised more efficiently

a review of the current salary structure involving the comparison with similar organisations

it is also essential to investigate and take action regarding the communication in the production and sales department.

商务英语4机考作文篇3

subject:askingfordeferredpayment

dearsirs，

yourinvoiceno。1223forus$80，000worthofgoodssuppliedon20thjulyisdueforpaymentattheendofthismonth。mostunfortunately，afirebrokeoutinourwarehouselastweekanddestroyedacertainpartofvaluableconsignment。ourclaimisnowwiththeinsurancecompany，butitisunlikelytobemetforanotherthreeorfourweeksanduntilthenwearefacedwithadifficultfinancialsituation。iamthereforewritingforpermissiontodeferpaymentofyourinvoiceuntiltheendofseptember。

asyouknow，myaccountswithyouhavealwaysbeensettledpromptlyanditiswiththeutmostregretthatiamnowforcedtomakethisrequest。ihope，however，thatyouwillfinditpossibletograntit。indoingsoyouwouldrendermeaserviceishouldneverforget。

yoursfaithfully，

xxxx

主题：要求延期付款

亲爱的先生：

贵方7月20日所供第1223号发票项下货物之款项80000美元定于本月底结付。非常不幸，上星期我方仓库发生火灾，毁坏了一部分贵重货物。我们现在正向保险公司提出索赔，但在三四个星期之内，不可能会给予赔偿。在此之前，我方财务形势严峻，故此我们写信请求贵方同意我们推迟到9月底付款。

贵方知道我们一向能迅速与贵方结帐。这次我们被迫向贵方提出这个要求，实在抱歉。我们希望贵方能同意这个要求。若是如此，我们将永远记住贵方给予的帮助。

商务英语4机考作文篇4

he culture differences between the east and west.

as we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the east and west that i can not list all of their different aspects.i will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.for your better understanding ,i will set examples of china and america.

it is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for chinese.but people in america prefer to forks and knives.this different result is based on different food they are like .americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.what is more,the custom of drinking tea in china and drinking coffee in america are stand out particularly.however,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.for example,the coffee and bread have introduced to china.the famous kfc is very popular at children.

the gap of teaching system between china and america is big.chinese students always complain about their homework.too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.they have to recite many things as to get a high mark.homework comes the first to them.

in my opinion,the study in america is more interesting .teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.in a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.i should say that chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.i am also expect to be one day ,the west give more cheers to our country.

商务英语4机考作文篇5

宴席不可无酒，纯粹的中餐，应该避免啤酒，欧洲葡萄酒(当然中亚的可以，如波斯葡萄酒，过似乎没人能尝得到)。所以中餐，最好配备高度名酒(其实高度烈性酒只是近代才有)，但似乎中低度的宴酒(30度左右)，各种黄酒，米酒比较男女老幼皆宜。

古代的酒度数低，酒具也较为庞大，随着白酒度数于明清逐渐增高，酒具也越来越小。但均以瓷为主。敬酒则要适度，古人饮酒要行酒令，现已近绝迹。应当重新推广开来，尤其是家宴上，省得有粗人强行劝酒，我凡遇到此种粗人，立刻酒量大涨，定将此等劣人喝倒,省得为害宴席，至今还频频得手，因为真正高人酒仙是不会劝人喝酒的，此等强拉硬劝之徒，多不会有超过1斤7，8两的酒量，所以大可将此种人除掉而后安。

宴席环境，最好完全中式，进门两盏迎客宫灯。绕过落地屏风，落座于红木八仙桌旁，手执象牙箸，听着丝竹软曲，空气中游移着丝丝檀香。透过窗棂木格，和窗外的修竹柳荫，只见湖光山色。美哉其极!

所以厅里宜摆几盆花木盆景，造成春意袭人，百花迎宾的气氛;四围墙上，张悬书法字画,灯光音响要尽量保持中国特色。

至于正规的宴席，作为店家，应该大概按如下次序招待:

迎宾--列队，引导至席，接挂衣帽，引至座位，递香巾净手，上茶，(敬烟--不可取，中国古人不吸烟的，属舶来品)

入席进餐--上茶点，冷盘，斟宴酒，介绍，开餐，上菜，续酒水，撤盘。

餐毕--递香巾净手，上清口茶。递账单送客

至于国宴，现在用分席制，四(热)菜一汤，外加冷菜，甜点，果品，冷饮。酒水为白酒茅台，黄酒绍兴加饭酒，青岛啤酒，还有矿泉水。

国宴更重排场，如辉煌的大厅，或如钓鱼台的亭台水榭。间或有乐队伴奏，讲坛。国宴每席上必有一立体的冷盘雕刻，摆盘。

至于想要了解明清官府大家或街巷市井宴席酒桌旧制，当重读红楼梦，金瓶梅，和众多的明清小说。

商务英语4机考作文篇6

facing business challenges at holiday inn worldwide

sending invitations across the globe

in the 1960s a family vacation in the united states usually meant loading the kids into the station wagon and driving off down the highway toward a tourist destination. and when weary vacationers needed to rest for the night, they often looked for the familiar green signs with “holiday inn” written in script and a colorful star for emphasis. all across the united states, this sign welcomed travelers to holliday inn hotels with promises of quality, comfort, and value.

by 1968 holiday inn was so well known in the united states that it began opening franchises in europe. in 1973 the company opened its first asian hotel in japan, and in 1984 it became the first u.s.-based hotel to open for business in china. for 25 years holiday inn enjoyed great success in the european and asian markets, opening 600 hotels and earning a reputation as upscale ， professional, and well run.

however, in the 1980s holiday inn’s fortunes were beginning to fade in the united states. many of the franchises were outdated and substandard 。 family vacationers were being replaced by business travelers as the hotel industry’s bread and butter ， and aggressive competitors with superior marketing strategies were targeting this growing segment 。 in addition, overbuilding had set off a wave of price discounting 。 as a result, both holiday inn’s share of the lodging market and its image took a nosedive 。

but in the 1990s this icon of the u.s. highway was brought back to life after being purchased by bass plc, a british conglomerate. bass moved quickly to make holiday inn worldwide the leading hotel chain, not just in the united states but around the globe. in the united states, holiday inn pursued a strategy that segmented the market into different types of travelers and created a unique type of lodging for each group. under names like holiday inn express, holiday inn select, sunspree resorts, and crowne plaza, the company offered different accommodations and amenities at different prices to suit the diverse needs of business and leisure travelers. combined with a campaign to bring all of the franchises back up to a high standard of quality, the strategy quickly began to pay off.

even so, the top brass at holiday inn worldwide knows that the greatest growth potential is not in the saturated u.s. market but in the evolving markets of europe, asia, and latin america. with increasing tourism and business development in these regions, the demand for comfortable, consistent, and affordable accommodations is booming 。 holiday inn needs a strategy for tapping this vast potential. would the strategies that fueled holiday inn’s turnaround in the united states bring similar results internationally? large-scale construction of new hotels will play a major role, so what kinds of hotels should they be? how can the company best meet the needs of a wide variety of international travelers? should holiday inn expand through franchises or by opening company-owned hotels? should the same type of promotion be used for the entire global market or should it be localized to each geographic area? these are questions that raymond lewis faces daily as vice president of marketing. if you were lewis, how would you answer them?

meeting business challenges at holiday inn worldwide

part of raymond lewis’s job is to monitor and predict changes in the ever-evolving global market 。 among the trends he has observed is the increasing similarity between the needs and desires expressed by consumers and businesses around the world in certain product categories such as lodging. on the other hand, lewis knows that various countries and cultures approach purchases differently, and that people of various cultures respond differently to product promotion 。 his challenge, then, is to figure out how to satisfy both the similar and the diverse needs of each new market.

lewis also knows that all travelers, regardless of where they are from or where they are going, share many of the same desires, fears, and expectations when they are traveling. they may not speak the same language or live the same lives while at home, but when they’re on the road, all travelers are (1) away from home and out of their personal comfort zones, (2) in different and often unfamiliar surroundings, and (3) subject to the same hassles and hardships. therefore, holiday inn focuses on delivering a consistent product around the world. this way, whether the hotel is in south korea, india, buenos aires ， or israel, travelers know that they will always receive a comfortable room at a fair price.

in addition, the strategy of segmenting the market by types of travelers that proved so successful in the united states also works abroad, but in a different way. segmentation in the hotel industry is a relatively new concept in europe, and in asia it is virtually nonexistent. this is largely because in many of the developing nations of asia, travel has only recently become an option for the majority of people. as a result, not every type of holiday inn hotel will be successful in every country. the company must know each market very well before it decides which type of hotel to open. does the area draw mainly tourists or business travelers? how long do visitors usually stay? do people from surrounding areas travel often? what types of accommodations do competitors offer in the area? by knowing the answers to questions like these, holiday inn is able to decide which type of hotel will best serve the needs of travelers to the area. for example, the company opened a sunspree resort in arequipa, peru, close to machu pichu, a popular international tourist destination. holiday inn’s management team feels that sunspree has a great chance for success in this location because the hotel caters to tourists.

in the same way, holiday inn management expects a mix of business and leisure travelers to visit seoul, south korea. therefore, the new holiday inn seoul appeals to a broad range of travelers by offering a business center, banquet facilities ， four restaurants, a fitness center ， and a gift shop.

just as in its early days of expansion in the united states, holiday inn is accomplishing its international expansion through a mix of wholly owned facilities and franchises, depending on the availability of resources and potential for profit in each local market. although franchising agreements place less risk on holiday inn worldwide, they also require the company to give up more control than it would by opening wholly owned facilities. however, franchises must adhere to strict quality standards if they intend to operate under holiday inn’s famous name.

lewis and his team also recognize that even though travelers have similar expectations for the quality and value they get in a hotel, sometimes they like to stay in places that don’t feel like hotel chains. therefore, the company has opened hotels in europe, australia, and south africa that have a style and character unique to their locations. in this way, holiday inn is able to tailor its global product to local markets.

nonetheless, holiday inn’s promotion strategy is decidedly global, regardless of which markets it enters. lewis bases the strategy on two themes: “welcome” and “stay with somebody you know.” although the ad copy is translated when necessary, even the visual format is the same from country to country. of course, cultural differences must be accommodated from time to time. for example, travelers in britain preferred an ad that focused on a friendly doorman, whereas u.s. and german travelers preferred a more sentimental ad showing a businesswoman receiving a fax of a drawing from her child.

the inspiration for this global strategy came to lewis, not surprisingly, while he was traveling. when boarding a plane at dulles airport outside of washington, d.c.， he passed a group of russian teenagers gathered around a guitar player singing “puff the magic dragon,” a folk song that was popular in the united states a few decades ago. this connection between cultures helped convince lewis that the world’s people were alike in many ways, particularly in the field of pleasure and business travel.

it remains to be seen how successful holiday inn’s global strategy will be in the long run 。 the company is off to a flying start. however, competitors such as marriott and choice hotels are moving quickly to make sure holiday inn doesn’t outpace them in the hot new global markets. but one thing is sure, lewis and the rest of the management team are not content with holiday inn being a leading hotel chain in the united states. they want holiday inn to be the leader around the world.

商务英语4机考作文篇7

business etiquette is made up of significantly more important things than knowing which fork to use at lunch with a client. unfortunately, in the perception of others, the devil is in the details. people may feel that if you can't be trusted not to embarrass yourself in business and social situations, you may lack the self-control necessary to be good at what you do. etiquette is about presenting yourself with the kind of polish that shows you can be taken seriously. etiquette is also about being comfortable around people （and making them comfortable around you!）

people are a key factor in your own and your business' success. many potentially worthwhile and profitable alliances have been lost because of an unintentional breach of manners.

dan mcleod, president of positive management leadership programs, a union avoidance company, says, "show me a boss who treats his or her employees abrasively, and i'll show you an environment ripe for labor problems and obviously poor customers relations. disrespectful and discourteous treatment of employees is passed along from the top."

the solution

most behavior that is perceived as disrespectful, discourteous or abrasive is unintentional, and could have been avoided by practicing good manners or etiquette. we've always found that most negative experiences with someone were unintentional and easily repaired by keeping an open mind and maintaining open, honest communication. basic knowledge and practice of etiquette is a valuable advantage, because in a lot of situations, a second chance may not be possible or practical.

there are many written and unwritten rules and guidelines for etiquette, and it certainly behooves a business person to learn them. the caveat is that there is no possible way to know all of them!

these guidelines have some difficult-to-navigate nuances, depending on the company, the local culture, and the requirements of the situation. possibilities to commit a faux pas are limitless, and chances are, sooner or later, you'll make a mistake. but you can minimize them, recover quickly, and avoid causing a bad impression by being generally considerate and attentive to the concerns of others, and by adhering to the basic rules of etiquette. when in doubt, stick to the basics.

the basics

the most important thing to remember is to be courteous and thoughtful to the people around you, regardless of the situation. consider other people's feelings, stick to your convictions as diplomatically as possible. address conflict as situation-related, rather than person-related. apologize when you step on toes. you can't go too far wrong if you stick with the basics you learned in kindergarten. （not that those basics are easy to remember when you're in a hard-nosed business meeting!）

this sounds simplistic, but the qualities we admire most when we see them in people in leadership positions, those are the very traits we work so hard to engender in our children. if you always behave so that you would not mind your spouse, kids, or grandparents watching you, you're probably doing fine. avoid raising your voice （surprisingly, it can be much more effective at getting attention when lower it!） using harsh or derogatory language toward anyone (present or absent)， or interrupting. you may not get as much "airtime" in meetings at first, but what you do say will be much more effective because it carries the weight of credibility and respectability.

the following are guidelines and tips that we've found helpful for dealing with people in general, in work environments, and in social situations.

it's about people

talk and visit with people. don't differentiate by position or standing within the company. secretaries and janitorial staff actually have tremendous power to help or hinder your career. next time you need a document prepared or a conference room arranged for a presentation, watch how many people are involved with that process （you'll probably be surprised!） and make it a point to meet them and show your appreciation.

make it a point to arrive ten or fifteen minutes early and visit with people that work near you. when you're visiting another site, linger over a cup of coffee and introduce yourself to people nearby. if you arrive early for a meeting, introduce yourself to the other participants. at social occasions, use the circumstances of the event itself as an icebreaker. after introducing yourself, ask how they know the host or how they like the crab dip. talk a little about yourself- your hobbies, kids, or pets; just enough to get people to open up about theirs and get to know you as a person.

keep notes on people. there are several "contact management" software applications that are designed for salespeople, but in business, nearly everyone is a salesperson in some capacity or another. they help you create a "people database" with names, addresses, phone numbers, birthdays, spouse and children's' names; whatever depth of information is appropriate for your situation.

it's a good idea to remember what you can about people; and to be thoughtful. send cards or letters for birthdays or congratulations of promotions or other events, send flowers for engagements, weddings or in condolence for the death of a loved one or family member. people will remember your kindness, probably much longer than you will!

商务英语4机考作文7篇相关文章：

商务英语4机考作文7篇